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Hi friends today we are go to learning about 4 stroke petrol engine components , working and their functions.
lets See…
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- MM.Abinesh
4 Stroke Petrol Engine
Introduction;
Nowadays, 4 stroke petrol engine is used in many two wheeler and four wheeler vehicles .It runs by otto cycle . It gives high efficiency and good mileage . It gives also a shudden pickup.
Stroke;
What is stroke?
Piston’s up and down is movements called ‘stroke’.
Piston BDC-TDC or TDC-BDC moving one movement is 1 stroke.
4 stroke engine have 4 strokes. They are,
1,Suction stroke
2,Compression stroke
3,Power stroke
4,Exhaust stroke
TDC;
TDC-Top Dead Centre is the maximum amount of piston’s movement.
BDC;
BDC-Bottom Dead Centre is the maximum amount of piston’s downward movement.
COMPONENTS OF 4 STROKE PETROL ENGINE;
Ø Piston
Ø Connecting Rod
Ø Cylinder
Ø Spark Plug
Ø Engine head
Ø Crank case
Ø Crank shaft
Ø Cam shaft
Ø Carburetor
Piston;
Piston is very important part of engine. It have slot cuttings for control a heat expansion. It used for produce power in engine. It is connecting to connecting rods small end by piston pin
Connecting rod;
Connecting rod used for connect piston with crank shaft . It have two ends. One end connecting to piston (small end) and another end connecting to crank shaft (big end).It made by carbon steel.
Crank shaft;
Crank shaft used for convert a piston’s up and down linear motion to rotary motion . It have oil passages for pressure lubrication . It is made by high carbon steel.
Cam shaft;
Cam shaft used for valve open and close .And it also used for run a oil and fuel pump. It have cams for valve activation . Cams amount based on piston’s amount like a piton have a 2 cams for activate 2 valves.
Valves;
Ø Inlet valveØ Exhaust valve
Inlet valve used for fresh air fuel mixture in .
exhaust valves for burned gasses
out .
spark plug;
Spark plug used for produce a spark when complete a compression stroke also a beginning of power stroke . Spark burn a air fuel mixture with high pressure.
Carburetor;
Carburetor used for mix a air and fuel mixture . It is only used in petrol engines. solex carburetor used in many vehicles
WORKING;
Working is done with four strokes
1,suction stroke;-
v When the suction stroke inlet valve is open and exhaust valve is closed
v Piston move TDC to BDC
v Piston move down into the cylinder so it create vaccum into the cylinder
v So , air and fuel mixture fill that vaccum
v In the suction stroke crank shaft rotate a half rotation
2,compression stroke;-
v When the compression stroke inlet valve and exhaust valve both close
v Piston move BDC to TDC
v Piston move up into the cylinder it will compress the air and fuel mixture in the cylinder
v So , it will increase pressure and temperature
v That stroke contain an another half rotation of crank shaft
3,power stroke;-
v When this stroke inlet valve and exhaust valves closed
v When the compression stroke end the spark plug produce spark then blast and fired the air fuel mixture
v So it gives high expansion in cylinder so this pressure push the piston down
v Piston move TDC to BDC
v When the power stroke end cylinder have burned gasses.
v This stroke make crank shaft’s another half rotation.
4,exhaust stroke;-
v When the exhaust stroke inlet port is closed and exhaust stroke is open
v In this stroke burned gasses are pushed out
v Piston move BDC to TDC
v This stroke complete crank shaft rotate one more half
This process are continue again and again in fraction of seconds
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